Understanding Context
Learn the crucial context behind your students' experiences to build trust and teach more effectively.
Migration & Diaspora
Student Experiences Are Diverse
Recent arrivals with language barriers, British-born students navigating dual identities, and refugees fleeing conflict all have unique needs. Don't treat them as a monolith.
Key Challenges for Students
- Recently Arrived: Face language barriers, trauma, immense family pressure, and the shock of cultural adjustment.
- British-Born: Constantly code-switch, face stereotype threat (where awareness of stereotypes impacts performance), and are subject to adultification (being seen as older/less innocent).
Common Misconception: 'Their parents don't care about education.'
Absence from parents' evenings or a lack of response to emails.
Parents may be working inflexible shifts, face language barriers, or distrust institutions based on past negative experiences.
Offer multiple communication methods and times. Build positive relationships before problems arise.
Family Structures & Expectations
Understanding Family Dynamics
Extended Family: Aunties, uncles, and grandparents are often key authority figures in a child's life. Engaging with them is crucial.
Respect for Elders: Children are taught to respect adults without question. What you see as disengagement (like not making eye contact) is often a sign of respect.
Common Misconception: 'That parent is being pushy.'
A parent asking detailed questions about curriculum, homework, and grades.
They are being a responsible and engaged parent who knows their child may face extra barriers. They see education as the primary tool for success.
Welcome their questions and engage with them as a partner. Don't dismiss their concerns.
Language & Communication
Multilingualism is an Asset, Not a Deficit
Many African students speak 2-4 languages; they aren't "behind," they're navigating multiple linguistic systems. Teach Standard English without shaming home dialects like pidgin or creole.
Common Misconception: Assuming lack of comprehension
A student nods when you give instructions but doesn't follow them.
In many cultures, nodding is a sign of polite listening, not of understanding. They may not have understood but were too polite to say so.
Check understanding with open-ended questions like, 'Can you tell me in your own words what the next step is?'
Religious & Cultural Practices
Supporting Religious Observance
Many of your African students will come from deeply committed Christian or Muslim families. Understanding their practices is key to creating an inclusive environment, from respecting prayer times and dietary needs to being sensitive during periods like Ramadan.
- Provide a quiet space for prayer if requested.
- Be mindful of fasting students during Ramadan.
- Accommodate dietary and uniform requirements.
- Learn about major holidays like Eid and Christmas harvest.
- Schedule major exams or events during Ramadan if avoidable.
- Ask students to remove religious clothing.
- Assume non-participation is a behavioural issue.
- Make students feel 'othered' for their practices.
Racism & Identity
Racism in Schools is a Reality
It happens in three forms: Direct (slurs), Microaggressions ("You're so well-spoken"), and Institutional (harsher discipline for Black students).
Common Misconception: 'I don't see colour.'
A teacher claims to treat every child the same, regardless of race.
This statement, while often well-intentioned, erases the lived reality of racism that Black students face. It signals that you are not a safe person to talk to about race.
Acknowledge race and its impact. Be willing to have open conversations and learn.
Resource Hub
Download the complete toolkits and guides to continue your learning journey.
Migration Trauma in the Classroom
Recognise signs of trauma and learn trauma-informed strategies.
Download →Working with African Families
A guide with communication dos-and-don'ts and tips for meetings.
Download →Supporting Multilingual Students
EAL strategies, visual support guides, and assessment tips.
Download →Responding to Racism Toolkit
Scripts, templates, and guides for handling racist incidents.
Download →